DON'T BE STUPID! Proactive policing strategies and multiple forms of police misconduct and violence have disproportionately affected people of color who live in urban, disadvantaged communities ( Brunson & Miller, 2006 ). Justification of this behavior is rooted in historical narratives and a belief structure, often perpetuated in the criminal justice system that views Black men as “symbolic assailants” ( Anderson, 1990 ; Bridges & Steen, 1998 ; Brunson & Miller, 2006 ; Holmes, 2000 ; Jackson, 1997 ; Jacobs & O’Brien, 1998 ; Kennedy, 1997 ; Smith & Holmes, 2003 ; Quillian & Pager, 2001 ). Feagin (1991) warns that these covert and routine strategies have widespread, cumulative effects on both individuals and the collective consciousness of Black communities. https://www.whytheracecardisplayed.com/post/social-media-use-in-identifying-and-investigating-criminal-conduct
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